激进与保守:二十世纪中国史的基本线索

Radicalism and Conservatism:The Basic Thread of Chinese History in the 20th Century

20世纪的中国是一个革命的世纪。每一场激进革命后,比如在戊戌维新、共和革命、新文化运动、国民革命之后总会发生一次反向的保守化运动。革命与保守的往复构成了二十世纪历史演进之大势。当代中国也正处在一轮保守化周期中,本次的激进革命持续时间甚长,革命对传统之破坏最为彻底。因此,本轮保守化也就异常缓慢、艰难,并且直到今天依然未成气候。二十世纪的激进革命与保守主义之往复,实为两种革命路径之争锋、转换。保守化并非退步。事实上,在现代中国历史上,几乎无人反对现代转型,问题在于如何转型。激进革命与保守化转向的区别实在于此。

The twentieth century is a century of revolution for China. Aider each radical revolution, such as the Hundred Days＇ Reform, the Republican Revolution, the New Culture Movement, and the Nationalist Revolution, a regressive conservative movement would always ensue. Revolutions and conservative movements take turns to occur, which constitutes the general historical trend in China in the twentieth century Contemporary China is also in a conservative cycle, with the radical revolution being longer and causing more complete destruction to tradition. Therefore, this round of conservative movement is slow and difficult and still does not come to maturity until now. In the twentieth century, the repetition of radical revolutions and conservative movements are actually the competition between two revolutionary paths. Being conservative does not mean going back In fact, in the modern Chinese history, almost no one objected to modern transformation, but the problem is how to transform. This is also the fundamental difference between conservative and radical revolutions.