南极菲尔德斯半岛多环境介质中多环芳烃分布特征及环境行为研究

DISTRIBUTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR OF PAHs IN DIFFERENT MATRIXES ON THE FILDES PENINSULA,ANTARCTICA

对南极菲尔德斯半岛地区采集的水体、土壤、苔藓、粪便和生物介质中16种多环芳烃(PAHs)进行了分析,考察了不同环境介质中PAHs的含量分布特征及其环境行为。结果表明,水体、土壤、苔藓、粪便和生物中∑PAHs浓度分别为34.9—346 ng·g-1(mean=184)、68.9—374 ng·g-1(mean=188)、122—894 ng·g-1(mean=251)、197—293 ng·g-1(mean=245)和137—443 ng·g-1(mean=265)。与其他地区相比,5种介质中2+3环PAHs的比例超过0.5,而5+6环PAHs的比例则<0.2,说明大气传输是菲尔德斯半岛地区PAHs来源的主要途径。通过PAHs在土壤-苔藓(logQSM)、生物-海水(logQOW)和企鹅肌肉-企鹅粪土(logQPD)中的浓度比值与其理化参数的研究发现,logQSM与logpoL和logKOA成显著线性关系,logQOW和logQPD与logKOW成显著线性关系,表明不同环境介质间污染物浓度比值可以看作PAHs在极地偏远地区气-固分配行为以及在生物体内分配行为的镜像。

Water, sediment, moss, penguin-droppings, and organism samples were collected from the Fildes Peninsula to investigate the distribution and environmental behavior of sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs）.The results showed that the total PAH concentrations in water , sediment, moss, penguin-droppings, and organisms were 34.9-346 ng· g-1（mean=184 ng· L-1）, 68.9-374 ng· g-1（mean =188 ng· L-1）, 122-894 ng· g-1 （mean=251 ng· L-1）, 197-293 ng· g-1（mean=245 ng· L-1）, and 137-443 ng· g-1（mean=265 ng· L-1 ） , respectively .Compared with other regions , the proportions of 2-3 ring PAHs to total PAHs were higher than 0.5, whereas the proportions of 5-6 ring PAHs were less than 0.2 in all environmental compartments , indi-cating that atmospheric transfer was the main source of PAHs .Significant log/log-linear relationships between the soil/moss quotient （QSM） and the sub-cooled liquid vapor pressure （poL） and octanol-air partition coefficient （KOA） were observed .Furthermore , similar significant log/log-linear relationships between the octanol-water partition coef-ficient （ KOW ）, the biota/water quotient （ QOW ）, and the penguin-organism/penguin-droppings quotient （ QPD ） were also observed .The results indicated that the concentration ratios between different media could be veiwed as a mirror image of the distribution behavior of PAHs in the remote polar regions .