立体化引导式临床微生物实习带教的建立与实施

Establishment and application of cubic and conductive teaching pattern in clinical microbiological analysis

立体化引导式实习带教是以完整的微生物标本标准化操作流程为教学轴线,制定实习教学计划。通过实验、问题引导、讨论、讲座、考核和科研等多种方式的立体化应用．引导实习生完成对微生物“检验全过程”的学习，培养学生临床科学思维方法、分析能力、实践能力乃至独立工作能力。再根据标准操作流程制定相对应的量化实践评价标准，考核实习生对检验流程中各项职业技能的实际掌握情况及综合应用的水平。这一带教模式体现了现代检验医学的工作理念，并能更加科学、客观地评估人才的培养质量和教学质量。自实施以来提高了实习生的综合职业素质，为其毕业后走上工作岗位做好准备，得到实习生的高度评价，并提升了微生物实验室实习带教的水平。希望这一实践经验的推广会成为检验医学教育发展的一个有益尝试。

Cubic and conductive teaching pattern is based on standardized operation process of microbiological specimens. It uses multi-dimensional teaching methods including tests, question guid- ance, discussion, lectures, measurements and scientific researches to lead the undergraduate students to master the standardized inspection process and to train talents with good gifts and abilities in prac- tical application. The teaching pattern helps the trainees complete training in basic experiment skills, analysis and problem solving skills, scientific thinking and working methods. Then the corresponding practical quantification evaluation criteria has been established according to the standardized inspec- tion process to assess the interns＇ level of grasping various vocational skills and comprehensive appli- cation in the inspection process. This pattern reflects the teaching philosophy of modern laboratory medicine and can scientifically and objectively assess the talent cultivation quality and teaching quality. Since its implementation, these trainees have improved their overall vocational abilities, and made a good preparation for their practical work after school. Besides, it has enhanced the teaching level of microbiology laboratory practice and has been highly valued by interns. It is hoped that this practical experience will he a useful attempt to promote medical education development of modern laboratory medicine.