一种新型阳离子聚丙烯酰胺的合成及表征

Synthesis and characteristic of a novel cationic polyacrylamide

将具有球型分子结构的超支化聚合物接枝到阳离子聚丙烯酰胺上,目的是当用阳离子聚丙烯酰胺处理油田污水时,抑制分子的卷曲速度,提高絮凝性能。作者首先以二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)、丙烯酰胺(AM)和丙烯酸(AA)为单体,聚合得阳离子聚丙烯酰胺,该聚合物具有线型分子结构。再以甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)与端部氨基的超支化聚合物反应,得到端部带有阳离子的超支化聚合物,该聚合物具有类似球型的分子结构。然后将阳离子超支化聚合物接枝到线形阳离子聚丙烯酰胺上,得到一种接枝改性的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺。用红外分光光度仪分析证明得到了预期的产物结构,并测定了产物的特性粘度、阳离子度。

In this article,in order to enhance the flocculating properties by inhibiting curly speed of chain,hyperbranched polymer（HP） with spherical molecular structure has been grafted onto cationic polyacrylamide（CPAM）,when using cationic polyacrylamide to treat oilfield waste water.First,a cationic polyacrylamide which has linear molecular structure has been prepared from diallyl dimethyl-ammonium chloride （DMDAAC）,acrylamide （AM）,acrylic acid（AA） monomers by use of polymerization.Second,a cationic-terminated hyperbranched polymer which has nearly spherical molecular structure has obtained by the reaction of methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride （DMC） and amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer.Then a grafting modification of cationic polyacrylamide can be obtained by grafting cationic hyperbranched polymer to cationic polyacrylamide.The compounds have been proved to be the target products through FTIR spectra,and we have determined cationic degree,intrinsic viscosity （[η]）.