加州鲈(Micropterus salmoides)生物学特性和营养需求研究进展

Thebiological characteristicsand nutritional requirementof largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)

近年来加州鲈养殖规模不断扩大,年产量已超20万吨。但由于加州鲈具有特殊的生活和摄食习性,对加州鲈营养需求、消化吸收和代谢机制的研究相对较为缺乏,人工配合饲料的研制和使用也尚未得到市场的广泛认可,因此多年来加州鲈养殖一直以投喂冰鲜杂鱼为主,人工配合饲料仅在养殖后期间歇性使用,极大地制约了加州鲈养殖产业的快速发展。文章综述了加州鲈生物学特性以及国内外对其蛋白质、脂质和碳水化合物营养需求的研究,为加州鲈营养需求研究和配合饲料的开发提供一定的背景资料。

The farming scale of largemouth bass （Mieropterus salmoides） experienced rapid develop- ment in recent decades and the production had reached to 200 000 tons in present years. However, there was low information referred to nutritional requirement, digestion and absorption of food, and met- abolic mechanism in ]argemouth bass due to their characteristic of feeding. Therefore, the frozen feed- ing- stuffs fish was still the main food source in largemouth bass farming because the manufactured feed was not widely accepted by farmers. Then the development of largemouth bass farming was restrict- ed inevitably. This article reviewed the biological characteristics of largemouth bass, as well as the protein, lipids and carbohydrate demands in their process of growth. This can also offer some basic information in the research of nutritional requirement and manufactured feed formulation of largemouth bass.