华语文教学中4项技能的标准及其相互关系

The four skills in the Chinese teaching requirement for heritage students and their relations

华语文教学的对象有其特殊性。这种特殊性表现在多数学习者的听说读写4项技能的不平衡,这种不平衡使得针对这些学习者的教学设计、教学方法、教材甚至对华语文教师的培训都应当做出相应的调整。本文认为对这类学习者的教学标准应当有别于一般的二语教学或外语教学,也应当有别于母语教学。如何通过4项技能的教学标准的制定来解决上述的不平衡,是华语文教学应当重视的理论问题,也是使华语文教学水平得以不断提高的具有实践意义的根本性问题。

Teaching Chinese to heritage students is different from teaching Chinese to speakers of other languages.The difference is that the four skills of aural comprehension,speaking,reading and writing which heritage students have mastered are not balanced.Some of such heritage students have better skills on speaking or comprehension,while others even have learnt some dialects of Chinese. The requirement of teaching Chinese to heritage students should have some differences in the teaching design,teaching methods and teachers'training.This is a matter related not only to practical teaching but also to teaching theories.