近现代以前西方爱欲哲学的历史疏解

An Interpretation of the Pre-Modern History of Western Eros Philosophy

在西方哲学史上,哲学家重视爱欲问题的探讨与研究,将其作为理解和把握世界的一种重要方式。作为爱欲发端的古希腊哲学,重在阐明爱欲的真正内涵以及灵与肉的辩证关系。中世纪神学哲学的爱欲观否认人本能之性的独立存在价值,表现出强烈的禁欲主义和工具性的爱欲文化取向。近现代哲学在非理性主义思潮推动下,出现了逻各斯主义的存在观向意志主义存在观的转向,爱欲取代理性成为人新的存在本质。至20世纪西方爱欲哲学进入发展高峰,但从其孕育来看,是离不开自古希腊以来两千多年这段漫长而又缓进的发展史的。

In the history of the western philosophy, philosophers have paid much attention to exploring and studying the issue of Eros, and have regarded it as an important way of understanding and grasping the world. The ancient Greek philosophy, as the inception of Eros, focused on clarifying the connotation of Eros as well as the dialectical relationship between the soul and the body. The viewpoint of Eros in the medieval theology philosophy negated the independent value of human＇ s instinct sexuality, showing a strong ascetic and instrumental cultural orientation. Promoted by the irrationalism ideology trend, modem philosophy began to steer from the logocentrism existential perspective to the voluntarism existential perspective ; while Eros became the new essence of human existence in place of rationality. The western Eros philosophy attained its peak of development in the 20th century, but its pregnancy is inseparable from the long and slow-moving history of Eros, which has been developing for over 2000 years since ancient Greece.