石油污染滩涂沉积物中TPH和PAHs分布及健康风险评估

Distribution of TPH and PAHs Contents in Sediment from Oil Polluted Tidal Marshes and Health Risk Assessment

研究某石油污染滩涂区域沉积物中TPH（Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons）和PAHs（Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons）分布特征，并采用USEPA人体暴露风险评价方法进行人体健康风险评估。结果表明，污染区域沉积物中TPH浓度分布范围为1964～46327．2mg／kg，PAHs浓度分布范围为0．15～11．06mg／kg，TPH浓度垂直分布呈现出表层〉中层〉深层。污染物质的区域分布存在较大空间异质性。总体而言，沉积物中TPH浓度与PAHs浓度分布规律一致，两者存在着正相关关系。健康风险评估结果显示，就捕鱼渔民而言。污染区域7个采样点位沉积物中TPH非致癌风险超过可接受水平，其危害商在1．06～7．64之间，就拾蟹人员而言，污染区域10个采样点位非致癌风险超过可接受水平，其危害商在1．02～11．20之间，建议采取相关修复措施进行修复。

Distribution characteristics of total petroleum hydrocarbon （TPH） and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in sediment around tidal marshes polluted by an oil spill accident were analysed, and their health risks were evaluated by applying a human exposure assessment approach of US EPA. Results showed that the content of TPH in sediment ranged from 1,964 to 46,327 mg/kg, and that of PAHs did from 0.15 to 11.06 mg/kg. TPH concentration had a vertically declining profile along with the depth whilst its areal distribution being spatially heterogeneous. In general, the distribution of TPH and PAHs contents in sediment had consistent patterns with a positive correlation between each other. The human health risk assessment indicated that the non-carcinogenic risks of TPH in sediment collected at some of sampling spots in the polluted area were beyond acceptable level. To fishermen, the hazard quotient （HQ） ranged from 1.06 to 7.64 at seven sampling spots, and to crab pickers, the HQ ranged from 1.02 to 11.20 at ten spots. It was therefore suggested that related remediation measures should be taken.