滦河口-洋河口海域潮间带大型底栖动物群落及其环境质量评价

Communities of macrobenthos in the intertidal zones of the Luanhe-Yanghe estuary and environmental quality assessment

2012年春季(5月)和夏季(8月)对滦河口-洋河口海域潮间带大型底栖动物群落及环境质量进行分析。结果表明:春季调查共鉴定大型底栖动物36种,种类组成以软体动物和多毛类为主;夏季调查共鉴定大型底栖动物22种,种类组成以软体动物和节肢动物为主。夏季大型底栖动物丰度和生物量明显低于春季。春季丰度和生物量皆以软体动物最高;夏季丰度以多毛类最高,生物量以节肢动物最高。滦河口-洋河口海域潮间带大型底栖动物物种数、丰度和生物量从高潮带向低潮带不断增高。采用大型底栖动物污染指数MPI和AMBI指数对调查海域潮间带大型底栖动物生态环境质量进行评价分析时,发现滦河口-洋河口海域潮间带生态环境质量总体处于良好状态,但MPI评价法和AMBI指数法对滦河口-洋河口海域潮间带生态环境质量分级结果存在差异。两种评价方法在生态环境状况分级评价中皆存在一定偏差,还需相互校准,并通过环境压力的梯度数据进行对比分析。

Communities of macrobenthos and environment quality in the Luanhe-Yanghe estuary in spring and summer 2012 have been studied. The result showed that 36 macrobenthos species were identified in spring 2012, and the dominant groups were Mollusca and Polychaeta;22 macrobenthos species were identified in summer 2012, and the dominant groups were Mollusca and Arthropoda. The average abundance and biomass of macrobenthos decreased significantly from spring to summer. The Mollusca had the highest value both in abundance and biomass in spring;the Polychaeta ranked the first in abundance and the Arthropoda had the highest value in biomass in summer. The species, abundance and biomass of macrobenthos continued to improve from the climax zone to the low tide zone in the intertidal zones of the Luanhe-Yanghe estuary. Macrozoobenthos Pollution Index （MPI） and AMBI were applied to assess the environmental quality of the intertidal zones of the Luanhe-Yanghe estuary, and the classification of environmental quality revealed significant differences. It had a deviation in the environmental quality classification by MPI and AMBI. The assessment result should be analyzed combining with the environmental factors.