金沙江下游水生态状况评价及保护战略

Hydro-ecological Assessment and Protection Strategies of Jinsha River Downstream

金沙江下游是典型的生态脆弱区,同时也是长江流域的重要生态屏障,在金沙江进行水资源开发利用,更应该注意生态安全问题。通过2008-2012年对金沙江下游的水生态调查,用层次分析法建立评价体系,对金沙江下游的水生态状况进行评价和分析。金沙江下游水生态状况为亚健康状态,主要制约因素是水生生物与河岸带状况。金沙江下游的工程建设等人类活动造成了鱼类资源的衰退,使珍稀特有鱼类濒临灭绝。河岸带的脆弱对水生态状况造成了一定影响,说明在生态脆弱区开发建设更应注重生态保护。针对金沙江现状提出了生态保护战略。

Downstream of Jinsha River is a typical ecologically fragile area, is also an important ecological barrier for the Yangtze River basin. It should be more attention to the problem of ecological security when using and developing the water resource. After the survey in the lower reaches of the River from 2008 to 2012, an evaluation system were set up using analytic hierarchy process （AHP） to evaluat and analyze the hydro-ecosystem health. Results showed that the River was in sub-health state, and the main factors were aquatic creatures and riparian zone. The project construction and other human activities caused the decline of fish resours, rare and endemic fish endangered.The fragility of the riparian zone had a certain influence on hydro-ecological status, which meaned development and construction should pay more attention to ecological protection in ecological fragile area. Finally , ecological protection strategies were put forward according to current situation of the River.