六盘水市城市生态系统健康动态评价研究

A Dynamic Approach to the Assessment of Urban Ecosystem Health in Liupanshui City

城市生态系统健康直接关系到城市的可持续发展,针对目前评价缺乏统一标准的问题,从城市生态系统健康的概念和内涵出发,参考国内外生态城市、园林城市等,根据国际、国内有关标准,选取自然子系统、社会子系统和经济子系统建立评价指标体系,运用均方差法和属性理论构建评价模型,并对六盘水市2001-2010年城市生态系统健康评价进行实例研究。评价结果表明,六盘水市城市生态系统健康逐渐好转,从疾病状态发展到亚健康状态,总体呈上升趋势。但前景不容乐观,第三产业占GDP比重、城市生活垃圾无公害化处理率、工业固体废物综合利用率、万人拥有大专学历人数、万元GDP物耗、单位GDP水耗、单位GDP能耗一直维持在很低的水平,是胁迫六盘水市城市生态系统健康发展的主要因子。通过评价研究,了解了六盘水市城市生态系统健康的基本状况,为六盘水市的规划建设提供了参考。

The urban ecosystem health has a direct bearing on the sustainable development of a city, but there are non- uniform standards with the evaluation＇indicators. Based on the conception and connotation of the urban ecosystem health and taking the ecological cities and landscape garden cities at home and abroad as an example, this article tries to establish the evaluation indicators system from three subsystem which are natural subsystem, social subsystem and economic subsystem. Mean square error method and trait theory were used to construct the system and make it into practice with the evaluation of the health level of Liupanshui City＇s ubran ecosystem from 2001 to 2010. Evaluation results show that the urban ecosystem health is getting better, but the future is not optimistic at the same time. Although the level of ecosystem health is developing toward the healthy direction which is from disease state to sub-health state, there are some evaluation indicators, such as the proportion of tertiary industry in GDP, the comprehensive utilization of industrial solid waste, water and energy consumption per unit GDP, keeping at lower level without the obvious improvement which are the main factors to hinder the development of the City. With the analysis and the results, this article aims to understand the basic situation of urban ecosystem health in order to provide some advices to the construction planning of the City.