永康市蔬菜基地土壤重金属污染现状评价

The investigation and evaluation of heavy metal pollution in vegetable plantation soils in Yongkang

目的了解浙江省永康市蔬菜基地土壤中Pb、Cd、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Hg含量及污染程度,为蔬菜种植提供科学依据。方法分别在永康市大园童、栗园、城南、黄塘、新店5个蔬菜基地采集84份土壤,采用原子吸收光谱法测定Pb、Cd、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn的含量,原子荧光光谱法测定As、Hg的含量,并根据《农产品安全质量无公害蔬菜产地环境要求》(GB/T 18047.1-2001)及《土壤环境质量标准》(GB 15618-1995),采用单项污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法进行评价。结果永康市蔬菜基地土壤8种重金属平均含量除Cd高于标准外,其他7种均符合国家标准,采用内梅罗综合污染指数法进行评价,全市蔬菜基地土壤综合污染指数为0.89,为2级,属警戒限。结论永康市蔬菜基地土壤重金属含量基本符合国家标准要求,总体质量较好,但镉超标情况比较严重,应引起注意。

Objective To find out the heavy metal（Pb,Cd,Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,Hg and As） contents and degree of pollution in veg- etable plantation soils in Yongkang, and provide scientific data for vegetable cultivation. Methods 84 samples from 5 vegeta- ble plantations were determined and analyzed. Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn were determined by AAS, Hg and As were determined by AFS in accordance with（Safety qualification for agricultural product - Environmental requirements for origin of non environmen- tal pollution vegetable）） （ GB/T 18047.1 - 2001 ） andS（Soil Envimnmeutal Quality Standard）） （ GB 15618 - 1995 ）, The results were evaluated using a single pollution index and Nememw pollution index. Results The content of Cd was higher than standard, other 7 heavy metals were in line with national standards. The integrated pollution index of vegetable plantation soils in Yongkang was 0.89, second level, warning limit. Conclusion The heavy metal contents of vegetable plantation soils in Yong- kang were in line with national standards without Cd, we should pay attention to it.