高速干式铣削马氏体不锈钢的表面质量与组织特性

Surface Quality and Microstructure Characteristics of Martensite Stainless Steel Machined by High-speed Dry Cutting Process

目的研究高速干切削工艺对难加工材料加工表面质量的影响规律。方法在切削速度范围157～314m／min内，依据析因试验设计方法，对马氏体不锈钢，工件进行干切削条件下的端面铣削工艺试验，考查铣削加工表面粗糙度变化规律、表面微结构组织特征与维氏硬度分布曲线。结果由每齿进给量和铣削深度共同决定的切屑截面构形对马氏体不锈钢加工表面轮廓的形成机制有显著作用，加工表面的表层及次表层组织主要由塑性变形层与回火多相组织层共同构成。结论为减小干式切削对加工表面层组织特征的影响，应优先选择大进给量、小切深的工艺参数组合。

Objective To investigate the influences of high-speed dry cutting process on the surface quality of difficult-to-cut materials. Methods Face milling experiment of martensite stainless steel was conducted at the cutting regime of 157 ～314 m/min in dry cutting condition under the guidance of 2K factorial design method, the characteristics of surface roughness, microstructure properties and micro-hardness distribution curves were studied experimentally. Results It was shown that： the chip cross section determined by the depth of cut and feed per tooth had significant influence on the formation of roughness profiles ; severe plastic de- formation and nmlti-phases structures were the main components of the surface and subsurface layers. Conclusion In order to re- duce the negative effects of dry cutting process on machined surfaces, the cutting parameters should be carefully controlled, larger feed per tooth and smaller depth of cut are preferred.