基于数据挖掘的不同灸法临床应用病种的比较研究

Comparison of different moxibustion techniques in clinical treatment of diseases based on data mining

目的:挖掘不同灸法对常见病症的特异性效果以及临床应用病种,比较不同灸法在临床应用病种和疗效方面的特异性,以便更好地指导临床实践。方法:采用现代计算机与数据挖掘技术,建立灸法文献数据库,对近60年来与灸法相关的文献进行收集、整理、筛选、录入、审核、提取数据、统计分析,探讨不同灸法在临床治疗各种病种方面的优势。结果:1在2 516篇文献中,艾条灸、艾炷灸、温灸器灸在内科出现频次最高,分别为730次、278次、102次,温针灸在外科出现频次最高为70次。2在皮肤科中,艾炷灸痊愈率最高,为75%;在五官科中,温针灸、温灸器灸痊愈率最高,均为49%;在内科、外科中,温针灸的痊愈率均最高,分别为53%、58%;在妇科中,温灸器灸痊愈率最高,为59%;在儿科中,艾炷灸痊愈率最高,为80%。3病种频次≥20次的优势病种:艾条灸为24个、艾炷灸5个、温针灸2个、温灸器灸1个;4种艾灸方法病种频次最高且具有一定文献研究价值的病种依次为面瘫、泄泻、腰腿痛、鹤膝风。4温针灸治疗泄泻、腰腿痛、鹤膝风较其他3种灸法痊愈率高,温灸器灸治疗面瘫较其他3种灸法痊愈率高。结论:通过对不同灸法科属应用频次、痊愈率、临床应用病种频次以及优势病种疗效的对比研究,艾条灸、艾炷灸和温灸器灸操作简便、安全有效,因此可广泛应用于临床各个科属常见病症的治疗中。温针灸通过针刺和艾草燃烧的温热刺激作用于机体,针对一些病因较复杂的疾病疗效区别于其他3种灸法,可以优先应用于因经络闭阻、气滞瘀阻引起的病证。

Objective To explore the specific efficacy of different moxibustion techniques in treatment of common diseases and clinical indications, and compare the specificity in clinical indications and efficacy among different moxibustion techniques so as to guide clinical practice better. Methods The modern computerization and data mining technology were adopted to set up moxibustion literature database. The relevant literature of moxibustion techniques in recent 60 years were collected, screened, examined, extracted and analyzed statistically so as to explore the advantages of different moxibustion techniques in clinical treatment. Results （1）Of 2 516 literature, moxa stick, moxe cone and moxa device were used in the highest frequency in internal medicine department, for 730 times, 278 times and 102 times respectively. The warm needling technique was used in the highest frequency, for 70 times in the surgical department. （2）In the dermatology department, the curative rate with moxa cone was the highest, 75 %. In the ear-nose-throat department, the warm needing technique and moxa device achieved thehighest curative rate, 49% for both of them. In the internal medicine department and surgical department, the curative rate of warm needling technique was 53% and 58% respectively. In the gynecology department, the curative rate of moxa device was the highest, 59%. In the pediatrics department, the curative rate of moxa cone was the highest, 80%. （3）The numbers of priority disorders, frequency,20 times： 24 kinds of disease for moxa stick, five kinds of disease for moxa cone, 2 kinds of disease for warm needling technqiue and one disorder for moxa device. Facial paralysis, diarrhea, lumbar and leg pain and elbow and knee swelling pain were of the highest priority, trea ted with these 4 moxibustion techniques, with a certain of literature research values. （4）The warm needling technique achieved the better efficacy on elbow and knee swelling pain, lumbar and leg pain and diarrhea compared with the other three techniques and the curative rate was higher. The moxa device tecnique achieved the higher curative rate for facial paralysis compared with the other three techniques. Conclusion Through the comparison of application frequency, curative rate, clinical application frequency in disorders and the efficacy of priority disorders in the treatment with different moxibustion techniques, it is found that moxa stick, moxa cone and moxa device are simple in manipulation, safe and effective. Hence, they can be extensively used in the treatment of common disorders in every department in clinic. The warm needling technique acts on the body by the co-work of needling and warming stimulation of mugwort. It achieves the particular effect on the disorders with complicated etiologies compared with the other three techniques. It can be chosen in priority for the disorders caused by blockage in meridian and collateral and stagnation of qi and blood.