新疆克拉玛依至塔城铁路风雪灾害特征研究

Study on the Characteristics of Snowdrift Disaster along Karamay-Tacheng Railway in Xinjiang

风吹雪灾害是克塔铁路选线及设计中的重点和难点问题,研究风雪灾害特征,有效避免和减少灾害段落,对线路方案选择及雪害防治具有重要的理论与现实意义。利用既有气象资料,结合现场考察和数值天气预报模式、大气污染模式中气象模块的模拟结果,得出冬季的主导风向为东、东南风,夏季的主导风向为西、西北风,风向季节交替明显,东、西大风相继出现;冬季风普遍大于夏季风,风雪灾害防治的重点是冬季的风吹雪。利用卫星影像和区域气候模拟分析得出,南方案(老风口展线方案)可能发生风吹雪的段落比北方案(玛依塔斯走行方案)长24.2km,频次也较多。

Snowdrift disaster is a key and difficult point in route selection and design of Karamay-Tacheng railway line. Study on the characteristics of snowdrift disaster to effectively avoid and reduce disaster sections has important theoretical and practical significance in route selection and snow hazard prevention. Based on existing meteorological data, site investigation and simulated results of numerical weather forecast model and meteorological modules in atmospheric pollution model, it is concluded that the prevailing wind direction is east-bond and southeast-bond in winter, and west-bond and northwest-bond in summer with obvious seasonal alternation; strong east wind and west wind appear in succession; moreover, the wind in winter is generally stronger than that in summer. Therefore, the snowdrift in winter is the key point for snow disaster prevention. Using satellite image and regional climate simulation analysis brings to a conclusion that the south line scheme Laofengkou scheme） is 24. 2km longer with sections with possible snowdrift and higher frequency than the north line scheme （Mayitasi scheme）.