皮肤癣菌致病因素的研究进展

Virulence factors of dermatophytes： an update

皮肤癣菌感染是人类最常见的真菌感染.皮肤癣菌专性感染角质层、指（趾）甲、毛发等部位,引起体癣、手足癣、甲癣、头癣等疾病.其致病过程主要包括黏附、侵袭.通过对各种体外模型的研究发现,皮肤癣菌的主要致病因素包括黏附相关物质、多种蛋白水解酶等,但这些物质在皮肤癣菌致病过程中所起的具体作用尚待继续研究.通过概述皮肤癣菌感染过程中出现的主要致病因素的研究进展,为进一步研究皮肤癣菌病的致病机制和临床治疗带来新的思路.

Dermatophytoses are the most common fungal infection in human.Dermatophytes exclusively infect the stratum corneum,nails and hairs,and induce a series of skin diseases such as tinea corporis,tinea manus,tinea pedis and tinea capitis.Adhesion and invasion are two important processes in dermatophyte infection.In vitro studies using experimental models have shown that adhesin and multiple proteases are essential virulence factors of dermatophytes,but their precise pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear.The authors review advances in virulence factors of dermatophytes,which may bring new clues to the pathogenesis and treatment of dermatophytoses.