昆虫5-羟色胺及其受体的研究进展

Advances in 5-hydroxytryptamine and its receptors in insects

5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)是昆虫体内一种重要的生物胺。5-HT在昆虫神经组织和非神经组织中均可合成,它可被5-HT转运体重吸收进入突触前结构中。5-HT通过结合特异性的G蛋白偶联受体在昆虫体内发挥不同的神经调控作用,调节昆虫主要的行为活动,比如取食、生物钟、聚集、学习和记忆等。昆虫体内5-HT受体有5种,分别为5-HT1A,5-HT1B,5-HT2A,5-HT2B和5-HT7。其中5-HT1A和5-HT1B偶联胞内cAMP的降低,5-HT2A和5-HT2B偶联胞内Ca2+的释放,5-HT7偶联胞内cAMP的升高。近年来,昆虫体内5-HT及其受体的研究有了很大的进展,昆虫体内越来越多的5-HT受体被克隆,并进行了功能和药理学性质分析。不同昆虫5-HT受体药理学性质存在差异,将为以5-HT受体为靶标,设计新型特异性杀虫剂提供理论基础。

5-Hydroxytryptamine（ 5-HT） is an important biogenic amine in insects,which is synthesized in both neuronal and peripheral tissues and can be reuptaken by serotonin transporter into presynaptic neuron. 5-HT plays various important physiological roles in insects through specific G protein-coupled receptors,such as feeding,circadian behavior,aggregation,learning and memory. There are five types of 5-HT receptors in insects,i. e.,5-HT1 A,5-HT1 B,5-HT2 A,5-HT2 Band 5-HT7. 5-HT1 Aand 5-HT1 B inhibit intracellular cAMP production,5-HT2 Aand 5-HT2 Bincrease Ca2 ＋level,and 5-HT7 induces cAMP production. In recent years,great progress has been made in the research of 5-HT in insects,especially their receptors. More and more 5-HT receptor genes have been cloned, and their functions and pharmacological properties have been analyzed. The pharmacological differences of 5-HT receptors from different insects will provide fundamental basis for designing and developing new specific insecticides for pest management.