生态保护红线分区建设模式研究--以广东大鹏半岛为例

Research on the partition construction mode for ecological essential line: A case study in Dapeng Peninsula, Guangdong province

生态保护红线是中国一项创新性的环境保护制度,但目前其划分和实施管理机制仍处于不断探索阶段。以大鹏半岛为研究区域开展生态保护红线分区模式研究。通过生态调查和GIS空间分析相结合,综合分析大鹏半岛的功能定位、地形地貌特征、典型生态系统类型、珍稀濒危动植物资源和自然遗迹的分布状况、生态系统完整性和连续性特征,构建了全面反映生态特征的生态保护红线分区建设模式,提出基本生态控制线内差别化管理的思路,探讨了分区、分类、分级的生态保护管理体系,创新了流域生态管理模式。以基本生态控制线为基础划分7个重点区域进行分类分级保护模式,重点保护面积为171.59 km2,占基本生态控制线面积的77.3%。重点保护区域包括大鹏半岛国家地质公园、大鹏半岛自然保护区、红花岭海岸森林公园、大鹏半岛中部生态廊道、坝光古银叶树Heritiera littoralis国家湿地公园、东涌红树林湿地公园、西涌香蒲桃Syzygium odoratum林自然保护小区。该模式的实施既能较好地保护大鹏半岛具有重要生态价值的资源,也能够协调经济社会发展和生态保护的关系,是深圳市基本生态控制线内分区管理制度的有益尝试,为生态保护红线的可持续性管理提供技术支撑,也为中国城市生态保护红线的划分体系和精细化管理提供参考。

The ecological essential line is an innovative environmental protection system in our country, but its division and implementation management mechanism is still at the exploratory stage. In this study, the ecological protection and its construction for Dapeng Peninsula whose ecological essential line area accounts for 73.5% of the region, were carried out combined with the ecological survey and GIS spatial analysis method. Seven key classified protection areas as the construction mode were put forward based on comprehensive analysis of Dapeng Peninsula function orientation, topography and landform character, typical ecosystem types, rare and endangered wildlife resources and natural relic distribution, ecosystem integrity and continuity characteristics. The total seven key classified protection areas, mainly including Dapeng Peninsula Nature Reserve, Dapeng Peninsula National Geological Park, Safflower Ridge Coastal Forest Park, Dapeng Peninsula Central Ecological Corridor, Baguang National Wetland Park of Heritiera littoralis, Dongchong Mangrove Wetland Park and Xichong Nature Protection Area of Syzygium odoratum, are 171.59 square kilometers which accounts for 77.3%of the whole ecological essential line areas in Dapeng Peninsula. This study is a useful attempt of regionalized management system for the ecological essential line in Shenzhen city, which not only provides a typical example for the partition, classification and grading management in Shenzhen city, but also provides reference for the designation, construction and management of ecological essential line in our country and Guangdong province.