基于遥感和GIS技术的秸秆焚烧与空气状况的时空响应分析

Analysis on the Influence of Air Condition of Straw Burning

秸秆焚烧严重影响空气质量,已成为区域性问题,正日益受到广泛关注。本文以长江三角洲区域的一次污染天气过程为例,分析秸杆焚烧与空气污染浓度中心的时空位移关联性。首先,根据本次污染过程中该区域17个城市的API日值,利用GIS Kriging插值方法得到空气污染过程中API高值中心的空间位移图。然后,利用多时相卫星遥感影像,采用"背景对比火点探测算法"(the Contextual Fire Detection Algorithm)为主的火点自动探测算法,结合现场验证,提取该区域及周边的秸秆焚烧点信息。最后,利用GIS的空间叠加技术分析了秸杆焚烧火点与该次空气污染天气的时空关联性。结合当时高空风场和气团轨迹分析得知,API高值区的空间位移特征与火点密集区有很好的空间一致性,表明该次污染天气与秸秆焚烧具有密切关系。

The burning of straw causing serious air pollution, has become a regional problem, and received widespread attention. In this paper, the authors analyzed the weather process of pollution and studied the temporal displacement correlation between straw burning and air pollution concentrations. First, the authors got the high value distribution of API by using GIS Kriging and the daily API. Second, the authors extracted the information of straw burning point by analyzing multi - temporal satellite remote sensing images in the contextual fire detection algorithm. Then, the authors found the space - time association between this air pollution process and straw fire point. This study shows that this air pollution is closely related to straw burning.