三唑含能离子盐在固体推进剂中的应用研究

Research on Application of Energetic Triazole Ionic Salts in Solid Propellant

运用差示扫描量热仪（DSC）评估了4种三唑含能离子盐与固体推进剂主要组分的相容性,研究了含不同三唑含能离子盐的聚叠氮缩水甘油醚（GAP）推进剂的燃烧性能。结果表明,三唑含能离子盐与固体推进剂的主要组分GAP和硝化棉相容,而1,2,4-三唑硝酸盐（1a）、1,2,3-三唑硝酸盐（1b）、3,4,5-三氨基-1,2,4-三唑二硝酰胺盐（2b）与黑索今（RDX）及吸收药（硝化棉＋硝化甘油）轻微敏感或敏感。含1,2,4-三唑硝酸盐（1a）的配方在12-16 MPa范围内具有较高的燃速,含1,2,3-三唑硝酸盐（1b）的配方在7-10 MPa范围内具有较高的燃速,3,4,5-三氨基-1,2,4-三唑硝酸盐（2a）和3,4,5-三氨基-1,2,4-三唑二硝酰胺盐（2b）可以明显地降低10-16 MPa范围内GAP推进剂的燃速压力指数。

DSC thermal analysis method is employed to evaluate the compatibility of four kinds of energetic triazole ionic salts with some solid propellant main components. The effects of four energetic triazole ionic salts on the combustion properties of glycidyl azide polymer （GAP）propellant are investigated. The results indicate that four kinds of energetic triazole ionic salts have good compatibility with GAP, and nitrocellulose （NC） , but they are sensitive with cyclotrimethylene trinitramine （RDX） and nitrocellulose/ nitroglycerine （ NC ＋ NG） except 3,4,5-triamino-1,2,4-triazolium nitrate （2a）. GAP propellant contai- ning containing 1,2,4- triazolium nitrate （la） has higher burining rate in the range of 12 - 16 MPa. GAP propellant containing 1,2,3-triazolium nitrate （lb） has higher burning rate in the range of 7 - 10 MPa. The burning rate pressure exponents for the propellants containing 3,4,5-triamino-1,2,4-triazolium nitrate （2a） and 3,4,5-triamino-1,2,4-triazolium dinitramide （2b） are decreased in the range of 10 -16 MPa.