砂田轮作模式对土壤酶活性及微生物区系的影响

Effect of Gravel-sand Mulched Field Rotation Patterns on Soil Enzyme Activities and Microbial Flora

以压砂西瓜→大豆(W→S)、西瓜→辣椒(W→P)、西瓜→油葵(W→O)3种轮作模式以及西瓜连作(对照,CK)的土壤为研究对象,研究了3种不同砂田轮作模式对酶活性与微生物区系的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,3种不同轮作模式土壤脲酶活性和碱性磷酸酶活性轮作均显著增强,土壤蔗糖酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性W→P模式显著高于对照,其它轮作模式与对照保持平衡;轮作模式下微生物总菌数增加,其中细菌、放线菌数量、细菌与真菌比值(B/F)均高于对照,真菌数量显著低于对照;通过微生物群落碳源利用分析表明,轮作提高了微生物群落对碳源的利用,增强了微生物群落生理活性。合理的轮作倒茬对延长砂田寿命、恢复和提高砂田地力有着积极的意义,W→P为较合理的轮作模式之一。

Taking soil of pressure sand watermelon→soybeans（W→S）,watermelon→peppers（W→P）,watermelon→oil sunflower（W→O）rotation cropping patterns and watermelon（control,CK）as research object,the effect of three different patterns of sand on the activity of crop rotation and microbial flora were studied.The results showed that compared with the control,the effect of three different rotation patterns on soil urease activity and alkaline phosphates activity were significantly enhanced crop rotation,soil invertase activity and catalase activity.W→P mode was significantly higher than the control,crop rotation patterns and other control to maintain balance;the total number of bacteria microbes under rotation mode increased in which bacteria,actinomycetes,bacteria and fungi ratio（B/F）were higher than control,the number of fungi was significantly lower than control;carbon source utilization by microbial community analysis showed rotation increased the microbial community carbon source utilization,enhanced the physiological activity of the microbial community.Description rational crop rotation on the extension of gravel-sand mulching life,restore and enhance the sand field force had a positive meaning,W→P crop rotation patterns was the more reasonable one.