温州医科大学附属第二医院血液透析患者并发感染的初步调查

The epidemiologic features of infectious hemodialysis patients in the second affiliated hospital of Wenzhou medical college

目的 初步了解我院血液透析患者并发感染的流行病学情况。方法 选择2010年4月1日～2013年8月1日因为感染而住院的60人次、55例患者,对其临床、生化资料进行统计分析。结果 55例患者发生60人次感染,感染率为28.57%。年龄、糖尿病、血白蛋白水平是可能的易感因素。革兰阳性菌感染占51.67%,革兰阴性菌感染占36.67%,导管相关性感染占43.33%;肺部感染为48.33%。药敏结果显示,青霉素、头孢他啶、左氧氟沙星、链霉素对革兰阳性菌均有较高的耐药率;四季之间感染分布无统计学意义。结论 血透患者感染率较高,多为肺部感染及导管相关性感染,其感染耐药率很高。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological features of infection among hemodialysis patients. Methods A total of 55 hemodialysis hospitalized patients diagnosed with infection were enrolled in this retrospective study from April 2010 to Augest 2013. Clinical date from 55 patients, were collected and analyzed with SPSS software. Results The 55 hemodialysis patients in 60 cases time got infected during the study, and the infection rate was 28.57%. Age, diabetes, hemoglobin were risk factors for infection. Pathogenic analysis showed 51.67% of infection was caused by gram-positive bacteria, 36.67% of infection was caused by gram-negative bacteria. The infection sites included vascu- lar access infection （43.33%） and lung infecton （48.33%）. Drug sensitive tests showed that drug resistant rate of gram- positive bacteria to penicillin, ceftazidime, levofloxacin, streptomycin was high. There was no significance in the sea- sonal distribution of infection. Conclusion Infection rate is high in hemodialysis patients. Vascular access infection and lung infection are dominant infection sites.Drug resistance rate is high in infectious hemodialysis patients.