河南内乡县衙研究

Research on Neixiang County Yamen,Henan Province

县衙是中国古代城市重要建筑类型之一,其集中反映了中国古代地方政治、经济、社会与文化特征。该文以内乡县衙为例,结合中国古代政权组织制度和封建传统礼制思想,从历史沿革、总体布局、单体建筑研究及文化价值与保护等方面,解读了内乡县衙"一心三带二区"的空间结构,"坐北朝南、左文右武、前朝后寝、狱房居南"的布局特征,"明三暗五"的建筑形制以及融南北文化于一体的建筑风格,展现了内乡县衙所蕴含丰富的历史文化。

County yamen is an essential type of architecture in Chinese ancient cities. It reflects regional political, economic, social and cultural features of that time. This paper elaborates the special structures of ＂one center, three belts and two districts＂ in Neixiang County yamen, the distributing feature of ＂north-located and facing the south, civil officials on the left and warriors on the right, court in the front and living areas at the back, prison house on the south＂, architectural form of ＂apparent three gates but with actual five ones＂ and the architectural style of integrating northern culture and southern one, combining the analysis of Chinese ancient regime organization system and feudal traditional ritual thought from the perspectives of historic evolution, entire allocation, individual building studies and cultural value as well as preservation. It illustrates the connotative historic culture in Neixiang County Yamen.