洞庭湖区居民接触疫水行为方式与社会经济因素的关系探讨

Exploring the relationship between the patterns of residents＇ contacting endemic water and socioeconomic factors in Dongting Lake area

目的 研究洞庭湖区居民接触疫水行为方式与社会经济因素的关系. 方法 在洞庭湖区常德市、岳阳市、益阳市三地,采取随机抽样方法,对当地居民及医院血吸虫病患者进行个人问卷调查,收集年龄、性别、职业、学历、家庭收入、家庭居住区域等个人及家庭基本情况,了解其接触疫水的季节、地点、具体途径等行为方式.利用SPSS软件,应用logistic回归模型分析居民接触疫水行为方式与社会经济因素的关系. 结果 回收有效调查问卷148份.Logistic回归分析显示：从事农业生产的群体如农渔民,常使用传统、改造性不强的厕所、以及年龄较大的群体通过生产劳动接触疫水的频率更高;女性,学历较低,常使用传统、改造性不强的厕所,以及年龄较大的群体更容易在生活中接触疫水;男性,从事非农化职业如公务员、学生等,学历越高,以及年龄较小的群体通过娱乐方式接触疫水的情况更多. 结论 洞庭湖区居民接触疫水行为方式受当地的社会经济因素影响.

Objective To study the relationships between the patterns of residents＇ contacting endemic water and socioeconomic factors in Dongting Lake area.Methods In three cities （Changde,Yueyang and Yiyang） of the Dongting Lake area,the random sampling method was adopted for personal questionnaire in the local residents and hospital patients with schistosomiasis to survey their basic personal and family circumstances,such as age,gender,occupation,education,household income,family living area,as well as behavior of contacting with endemic water,such as exposure season,location,and other specific ways.The relationships between the patterns of residents＇ contacting infectious water and socioeconomic factors were analyzed by logistic regression model using SPSS software.Results A total of 148 valid questionnaires were collected.Logistic regression analysis showed：the frequency of contacting endemic water was higher for the residents who were engaged in agricultural production,such as farmers and fishermen,and people who often used traditional,unsafe toilet and older age groups through the productive labor activity; females who were less educated and often used traditional,unsafe toilet,as well as older age groups were more likely to contacting endemic water in daily life; males of the residents who were engaged in non-agricultural occupation,such as civil servants,students etc,with high education,and younger age groups were more likely to contact endemic water through entertainment.Conclusion The patterns of residents＇ contacting endemic water in the Dongting Lake area are notably related to the local socioeconomic factors.