美国学校危机应对模式探析

An Analysis of American School Crisis Response Model

危机对学校的正常运行造成了巨大的影响,并带来了诸多挑战。因此,学校危机应对的作用被越来越广泛的认可,并被赋予了更为广泛的意义。教育界一致认为,有一套较为成熟的危机应对模式是危机预防与应对的重要保障。美国学校危机应对模式经过长时间的探索和总结,分为危机缓解与预防、危机准备、危机应对、危机后恢复四个阶段,每一阶段突出重点策略却又相互衔接,以期在危机发生时能够减少恐惧、节省时间和挽救生命。

The crisis seriously breaks the normal operation school and brings a lot of challenges. Therefore,the role of school crisis response is more and more recognized,school crisis response has been given a broader meaning. Theorists believe that a mature set of crisis response model is an important guarantee for school crisis prevention and response.American school crisis response model after a long period to practice,divided into four stages：Mitigation/Prevention,Preparedness,Response and Recovery. Each stage focus strategy but interface,expect when a crisis occurs can be reduce fear,save time and save lives.