面向环境应用的超重力反应器强化技术:从理论到工业化

Process intensification of high-gravity reactor for enviromental engineering:from fundamental to industrialization

工业酸性气体是造成环境污染的最主要因素之一.本文围绕国家环保超低排放新要求,提出了超重力反应强化理论原理和新途径,利用超重力反应器数量级强化传质和超短停留时间优势,高选择性地从混合酸性气体中反应脱除SO2、H2S或CO2,实现了硫化物超低排放;提出了"科学实验+微观机理模型+宏观CFD模拟"三位一体的超重力反应器放大方法,实现了超重力反应器的工程放大,研制出国际规模最大的超重力反应器(转子直径3.5 m、外壳5 m,气体处理量20×104 m3/h)并投入产业化应用;该强化新技术现已在工业尾气脱SO2、石油炼厂气和海洋天然气脱H2S、电厂烟气脱CO2等环保工程中实现了工业应用和推广.

Sour gaseous pollutants released from the industrial tail or flue gas are the key source leading to serious environmental pollution. To meet the newly national regulation of the ultra-low emission limitation control of those sour gaseous pollutants in China, a new process intensification technology based on the high-gravity reactor （HGR） was proposed. The intensification principles and routes of the high-gravity reactor for sour gas separation by reactive absorption were elucidated and verified from lab scale to fully industrial scale. The higher selectivity of removal of SO2, H2 S and CO2 from acidic gas mixtures could be realized by high-gravity technology using its advantages of intensifying mass transfer by orders of magnitude as well as the ultra-short residence time. Thus the ultra-low emission of sulfide was guaranteed by using HGR technology. A three-in-one scale-up method, i.e. ＂scientific experiments＋mechanism model at microscale＋CFD simulation at macroscale＂ of HGR was proposed and verified by industrialization practice. The largest scale high-gravity reactor （rotor diameter 3.5 m, casing diameter 5 m, capacity for gas flowrate 20×104 Nm3/h） in the world was developed and successfully implemented in the industrialization application of desulfurization. This breakthrough technology of process intensification has been now widely accepted and applied in industries for removing SO2 from tail gas and H2 S from petroleum or natural gases, as well as CO2 capture from flue gas of power plants, etc. The case studies of them were reviewed in this work.