几何学原理与规则式园林造园法则 以法国古典主义园林为例

Geometric Principles and Rules of Formal Gardens A Case Study of French Classical Garden

几何学作为经典的思维论证方法,对西方的哲学、科学和文化艺术都具深远影响。由几何学演绎出的"公理化方法"更加强调元素结构和逻辑推理,从而形成西方人注重理性的设计思维和园林风格。研究以法国古典主义园林为例,从建筑与园林的布局、园林要素的形体处理、几何学透视及空间的透视校正等方面,论述了几何学对规则式园林造园法则的具体影响,提出了西方规则式园林中蕴含的理性思想和科学方法对中国现代园林的发展具有重要借鉴意义。

Geometry as classical method of thinking has significant influence on Western philosophy, science, culture and arts. The geometrical interpretation of ＂axiomatic method＂ lays a lot of emphasis on structural elements and logical reasoning, which leads Westerners to focus on rational thinking of garden design. As case of French classical gardens, the specific effects of geometry on the rules of regular garden designing had been discussed through layout of architecture and garden, shape represented of garden elements, the geometrical perspective and spatial perspective adjusting. Therefore, the conclusion was provided that rational thoughts and scientific methods in the Western formal gardens would have significant reference for the development of Chinese modern landscape.