福建省民用机场可达性分析与国内通航能力评价

Accessibility and domestic navigation ability of civil airports in Fujian Province

以福建省民用机场为例,对民用机场进行可达性分析和国内通航能力评价.基于福建省2011年交通道路数据,运用GIS的空间分析模块,进行成本距离分析和有效服务区分析,生成福建省五座机场可达性扩散图和有效服务区图.从机场近几年的运营数据和所在地经济、人口数据为指标,对机场进行加权计算分析,比较和评价五座机场的国内通航能力.从可达性扩散图可知3 h圈的覆盖范围占福建省面积的88%,3 h圈内的人口占总人口数的97%.但全省机场的有效服务区面积约占全省面积的34%,所占比例较少.建立一个通航能力评价模型,利用该模型计算出各个机场的通航能力的大小,并将机场分成3个等级,即第一等级是厦门高崎机场,第二等级是福州长乐机场和泉州晋江机场,第三等级是武夷山机场和冠豸山机场.从研究结果中可知,全省机场在整体上发展不平衡,需要规划和调整机场的布局,在中西部地区增建其它的机场,提高机场密度,进一步扩大机场的有效服务区面积,为海西发展提供支持.

Accessibility and navigation ability are important indexes to evaluate the overall ability ot one airport. Take the civil airports in Fujian Province as an example in order to analyze the accessibili- ty of civil airports and estimates the navigation ability in domestic. Based on traffic data of Fujian in 2011, this paper generates the accessibility diffusing map and valid service area distribution map of civil airports, by spatial analysis module of GIS. Furthermore, according to the airports operation data and local economic ＆ population data, it compares and evaluates the domestic navigation ability of the five airports in Fujian by weighted computing. As the results show, the accessibility time of 88% of Fujian Province area was within 3h and 97% of people can arrive the airport in 3 hours. The valid service area is about 34% of Fujian province area, the proportion is small. An model to evaluate navi- gation ability is proposed, it divides the airports into 3 classes. The first one is Xiamen Gaoqi airport, the second is the Fuzhou Changle airport and Quanzhou Jinjiang airport, and the third is Mount Wuyi airport and Mount Guanzhai airport. The results show the general development of the airports is imbal- ance, it is necessary to program and adjust the layout of airports. We should bring forward correspond- ing optimization measures, such as building new airports in the midwest, extending the valid service area. These measures will increase the density of airports in Fujian, effectively provide services to more people and support for the development of the Haixi economy.