张爱玲华文家族小说中的叙事时间与叙事伦理

Narrative Time and Ethics in Zhang Ailing's Chinese Family Novels

在张爱玲一生所创作的《倾城之恋》《金锁记》《创世纪》《小艾》《怨女》和《小团圆》六部华文家族小说中,叙述者通过对叙事时间策略巧妙而独特的运用,使叙事时间呈现出以倒叙为主的时间倒错的主体特征,并大量使用省略、概要、停顿、拉伸与场景等手法,形成快慢有序、张弛有度的叙事节奏,此外还以单一型、重复型和概括型相互交织融合的方式,产生简约与繁复交替的叙事频率,由此建构出富有弹性和张力的叙事时间,从而使作品叙事结构更为独特与合理,作品叙事伦理的建构更为有效和丰富,对读者伦理情境的影响也起到了重要作用。

Time strategy in narration is artfully used in Zhang Ailing’s Chinese family novels including Love in a Fallen City, The Golden Cangue, Creating Century, Xiao Ai,The Rouge of the North and Small Reunion, so subject matter characteristics of narrative time with anachronism based on flashbacks are formed. These novels also use techniques such as ellipsis, compendium, pauses, tension and scenes to order a relaxed narrative rhythm. In addition, single type, repetition and summaries are mixed together to form narration simple and complicated by turns. These strategies are helpful in establishing narrative time with elasticity and tension, making narrative structure more distinct and reasonable, building narrative ethics more effectively and plentifully, and they play an important role in influencing readers’ethical situations.