70岁以上冠状动脉旁路移植手术患者术中以乳内动脉建立左前降支旁路的应用评价

Usage of left internal thoracic artery in the patients aged over 70 years old during coronary artery bypass graft

目的 探讨70岁以上冠状动脉旁路移植手术患者术中应用乳内动脉建立左前降支旁路的利弊.方法 2009年1月至2014年1月共收治288例70岁以上患者行单纯冠状动脉旁路移植手术.按移植血管材料分为两组：对照组138例患者全部使用大隐静脉;观察组150例患者应用左乳内动脉建立左前降支旁路,其中7例应用桡动脉及胃网膜右动脉进行全动脉化旁路移植手术,其余靶血管均应用大隐静脉作为血管移植物旁路移植.结果 对照组死亡4例（2.9％,4/138）,观察组死亡3例（2.0％,3/150）,两组病死率比较差异无统计学意义（p＞0.05）.观察组术后24 h引流量（796.2±382.4） ml,明显高于对照组的（512.8±387.5） ml,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;而二次开胸止血、恶性心律失常、卒中、切口愈合不良和主动脉内球囊反搏使用例数等指标两组比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞ 0.05）.结论 70岁以上高龄患者旁路移植冠状动脉选择左乳内动脉作为左前降支的旁路移植血管材料,不增加手术死亡和术后严重并发症的发生率.

Objective To review the outcome of coronary artery bypass graft （CABG） using left internal thoracic artery grafts in the patients aged over 70 years old.Methods Two hundred and eighty-eight patients aged over 70 years old from January 2009 to January 2014 who underwent CABG were selected.All of the patients were divided into two groups on base of the graft：control group：only saphenous vein graft was used in 138 cases; observation group：the left internal thoracic artery to the left anterior descending artery was used in 150 cases,which also included total arterial grafting,facilitated by the use of the radial artery,right gastroepiploic artery was operated in 7 cases,beside these artery grafts,saphenous vein graft was used to anastomosis with other vessels.Results Operative mortality was 2.9％ （4/138） in control group and 2.0％ （3/150） in observation group,and there was no significance （P ＞ 0.05）.The volume of blood drainage was larger in observation group [（796.2 ± 382.4） ml] than that in control group [（512.8 ± 387.5） ml],and there was significant difference （P ＜ 0.05）.At the same time,there was no significant difference in the incidence rate of second thoractomy,malignant arrhythmia,stroke,poor wound healing,and usage of intraaortic balloon counterpulsation between two groups （P ＞ 0.05）.Conclusion It does not increase the mortality and incidence of serious complications using the left internal thoracic artery to the left anterior descending artery in the patients aged over 70 years old during CABG.