某舰微环境和空气细菌调查与分析

Survey and analysis of the microenvironment and airborne microbes in one warship

目的了解舰艇内部环境温湿度和空气微生物浓度及种类,发现导致舰艇官兵呼吸道疾病高发的可能致病因素。方法采用数字温湿度计测量舰艇内部环境温度和湿度;平皿暴露法采集舰艇内部空气细菌,平板划线接种分离纯化出细菌纯培养物,使用革兰染色、细胞镜检和16S rDNA测序等细菌鉴定方法鉴定细菌种类。结果气温符合标准要求的调查点占20%,相对湿度符合率为100%;采样当天舰艇内部空气细菌浓度不高,但细菌种类多样,分离出济州金黄杆菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、耐热芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、头部葡萄球菌、人葡萄球菌人亚种、人耐新生霉素败血亚种、科恩葡糖球菌科恩亚种和解脲亚种、空气滤器水栖菌、干酪乳杆菌、溶酪大球菌、产氨棒杆菌、短芽孢杆菌、丛毛单胞菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、矢野口鞘氨醇杆菌、人金黄杆菌18株不同种或亚种的细菌。结论舰艇官兵呼吸道疾病高发可能与舰艇内部气温偏低及空气中某些细菌存在有关。

Objective To find out about the temperature ,relative humidity, concentration and species of air microbes in the warship , and to detect the possible pathogenic agents responsible for the high incidence of respiratory diseases among the crew.Methods A digital hygrometer was used to measure the indoor tempreture and relative humidity .Open agar set-tling plates were used to sample the air bacteria in the ship .Pure bacterial colonies were isolated from those on the original plates by repeated streak inoculation .The species of bacteria were determined by gram staining ,light microscope observation and 16S rDNA sequencing .Results Spots that met the standard requirement of temperature accounted for 20%but relative humidity was up to the stevrdard ineach place investigated .Although the concentration of airborne microbes was under the standard limit,bacteria were various.There were 18 different bacteria isolated from the air sample , including Chryseobacteri-um jejuense,Acinetobacter baumannii, Bacillus sporothermodurans, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus capitis, Staphylo-coccus hominis subsp.hominis strain and subsp.novobiosepticus, Staphylococcus cohnii subsp.cohnii and subsp.urealytic-us,Enhydrobacter aerosaccus,Corynebacterium casei,Macrococcus caseolyticus,Corynebacterium ammoniagenes,Brevibacillus panacihumi,Comamonas koreensis,Bacillus subtilis,Sphingobium yanoikuyae, Chryseobacterium hominis.Conclusion The high incidence of respiratory diseases among officers and soliders might be related to the lower tempreture and some airborne bacteria in the warship .