“境界形态形上学”的开展——试论牟宗三对道家哲学重要概念的梳理

On Mou Zongsan's Interpretation of the Main Concept of Taoist Philosophy

牟宗三通过对道家哲学的主要概念如"道德"、"有无"、"生"、"自然"等的梳理,建构了他对道家哲学的理解:"境界形态形上学",以与儒家的"道德无上学"区别开来。所谓"道德形上学",指的是主体通过主观境界的观照与玄览,达到对客观形态的形上学的认识。"道"之生化宇宙的过程,也是主体"玄德"通过"致虚守静"让开场域让万物自生的过程。在此过程中,这四组概念形成了严密的逻辑体系。

Through the interpretation of the main concept of Taoist philosophy such as： ＂virtues＂,＂existence and non- existence＂,＂sheng＂,＂nature＂,Mou Zongsan constructs his understanding of Taoist philosophy named ＂the realm of metaphysics＂,which means that the subject understands the objective metaphysics through the observation from subjective realm. The process of creation of the universe by Tao is also the process of the growth of all things by themselves,which was achieved by keeping a void and quiet mind. In this process,the four group concept formed a tight logical system.