北京市养老机构入住费用现况调查及影响因素研究

The Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Charging Standards of Long-term Care Facilities in Beijing

目的：了解北京市养老机构的入住费用现况，探讨其影响因素，为老年人选择机构养老、养老政策制定、养老事业及产业发展提供有意义的理论依据。方法采用方便抽样法，于2012年8月对北京市310家养老机构进行调查，共发放问卷310份，回收有效问卷292份，有效回收率为94.2%。采用自行设计的问卷进行调查，问卷内容包括机构的一般资料、机构管理人员的基本情况、机构护理人员的基本情况及机构规模等。结果养老机构月入住费用为117~7150元，平均为（1156.6±725.8）元。多元回归分析显示，机构性质、机构位置、护理人员学历比对养老机构入住费用的影响有统计学意义（P é0.05）。社会办养老机构的入住费用高于政府办养老机构；城六区内养老机构的入住费用高于非城六区；机构内相对高学历护理人员百分比越高，机构的入住费用越高。结论北京市养老机构的入住费用处于较低水平，老年人可以参考机构性质、机构地理位置及护理人员学历层次进行养老机构的选择。

Objective To understand the current situation of the charging standard of long - term care facilities in Beijing factors and eXplore its influencing factors so as to provide scientific evidence for choosing long - term care facilities and the elderly - care policy - making and future development of elderly care industry. Methods Objective sampling was adopted and a total of 310 long - term care facilities in Beijing were selected and investigated in August,2012 by filling out questionnaire. 310 questionnaires were sent out and 292 valid ones were retrieved with the efficient rate of 94. 2% . The questionnaires were self -made and the contents covered general material of the facilities,general information of the facility administrative staff as well as the service staff,and the facility scales,etc. Results The entry fee per month was 117 ~ 7 150 RMB and the average was （1 156. 6 ± 725. 8）RMB. The multiple regression analysis showed that the charging standard was influenced by facility character, geographic position and education background of nursing staff and it was significant（P é 0. 05）. The entry fee was higher in so-ciety - run facilities instead of the government - run;it was higher within the siX districts downtown;the higher of the percentage of serving staff with higher educational background was,the higher the fee was. Conclusion The entry fee of long - term care fa-cilities was on a low level. Old adults could make better choices of long - term care facilities by referring to influencing factors such as the facility character,geographic position and education background of nursing staff.