基于方剂组成统计分析的山豆根减毒增效配伍规律探讨

Discussion on compatibility law in reducing toxicity and increasing effect of Radix Sophorae Tonkinesis based on the statistical analysis of the prescriptions' constitution

目的:基于山豆根的古今方剂组成统计数据,探讨其减毒增效配伍方法,为揭示其控毒机制、指导临床安全合理用药提供依据。方法:构建山豆根方药数据库分析平台,利用SPSS 17.0多元统计软件中的因子分析,考察山豆根与各药物(组)间的配伍关系。结果:频数统计显示,各类药物与山豆根配伍所占比例由高到低依次为清热药、活血药、化痰药、止血药等;单味药与山豆根配伍所占比例居前者依次为甘草、桔梗、玄参、薄荷、黄芩等。通过因子分析提取出20个对山豆根功效或毒性影响较大的药物(组)。结论:通过以润制燥、以甘缓毒等配伍,可减山豆根之毒;通过宣泄化痰以利肺气、寒凉相助以解热毒、宣上利下以消肿痛、疏散宣透以解郁火等配伍可增其效。

Objective： To explore the compatibility law in reducing toxicity and increasing effect of Radix Sophorae Tonkinesis based on the statistical analysis of the prescriptions＇ constitution, and to explore the compatibility law of Radix Sophorae Tonkinesis in clinic, to reveal the mechanism of reducing toxicity, and to offer guidance and reference for safe and reasonable prescription in clinic. Methods： The data base and analysis platform of Radix Sophorae Tonkinesis prescriptions was established, in which the compatible relationship between Radix Sophorae Tonkinesis and other herbs was analyzed with the factor analysis in SPSS 17.0 muti-statistics software. Results： The counting statistics showed that the compatibility proportion of different kinds herbs and Radix Sophorae Tonkinesis was heat-cleating herbs, blood-activation herbs, dispelling phlegm herbs and stopping bleeding herbs and so on by descending order; the compatibility proportion of different single herbs and Radix SophoraeTonkinesis was radix glycyrrhizae, radix platycodi, radix scrophulariae, herba menthae, radix scutellariae and so on by descending order. 20 herbs influencing the function or toxicity of Radix Sophorae Tonkinesis were abstracted with the factor analysis. Conclusion： With the compatibility law of nourishing yin and moistening dryness and sweet herbs relieving toxicity, the toxicity of Radix Sophorae Tonkinesis could be reduced; With the compatibility law of dispersing and cleaning phlegm to benefit lung qi, eliminating fire and heat with cold herbs, rising up and permeating down for detumescence and pain as well as dispelling and penetrating to remove stagnated fire, the effect of Radix Sophorae Tonkinesis could be increased.