我国农业固体废弃物带来的危害与防治对策

The harm and prevention countermeasures of agricultural solid wastes in China

目前农业大量的废弃物未能得到合理利用,使得我国宝贵的农业资源成为农业面源污染,加上化肥的大量甚至超量使用,造成水体硝酸盐污染和水体富营养化,并导致蔬菜等农产品中硝酸盐积累,给人民生活和健康带来一定的威胁.针对农业废弃物带来的种种弊端,必须合理综合利用农业废弃物,转变农业生产方式,从无机农业向有机农业和生态农业转变,才能实现不以牺牲农业和粮食、生态和环境为代价,确保我国农业持续生产力,保障我国粮食安全.

For the irrational use of large amounts of agricultural waste,these valuable agricultural resources have become the non-point pollution source.On the other hand,much more chemical fertilizer application or overload use in the agricultural production,the nitrate pollution and eutrophication of water body are ubiquitous in China.At the same time,the nitrate accumulation of vegetables and other agricultural products have taken place,so that people ’s lives and health have been threaten.As for these problems that were brought by the agricultural waste,it will be necessary for comprehensive utilization of agricultural waste,the agricultural production patterns must be changed, inorganic agriculture must be translated into organic agriculture and eco-agriculture.The aim of not to sacrifice of agriculture and food,ecological and environmental cost would be realized.Chinese agricultural sustainability could be gradually enhanced,the Chinese food security would be ensured.