五道沟地区实际蒸发变化趋势及影响因素分析

Variation of Actual Evaporation at Wudaogou Experiment Station and Analysis of Influencing Factors

基于五道沟水文实验站1964-2011年观测资料,从该区实际蒸发量变化的影响因素着手,运用MannKendall非参数统计检验和SPSS软件系统分析了其与气温、降水量、风速、日照、相对湿度及潜在蒸发量的变化趋势与相关性,探讨了实际蒸发量在年际、季节与不同气候条件下的影响因素。结果表明,实际蒸发量与潜在蒸发量存在明显的正相关关系,当干旱指数R〈1.0时,气象要素共同影响实际蒸发量;当1.01.7时,实际蒸发量主要受制于相对湿度、风速、日照的变化,与降水关系不大。

Based on the series of experimental data in Wudaogou experiment station during 1964 and 2011, considering the influencing factors for the change of actual evaporation in this region, this paper analyzed the trend and correlation among the temperature, precipitation, wind, sunshine, relative humidity and potential evaporation with the actual evapo- ration by Mann-Kendall test method and SPSS software, and explored the influencing factors of the actual evaporation in actual, seasonal and differently climatic conditions. The results show that the relationship between the actual evaporation and potential evapotranspiration is significant positive correlation; when the drought index R is less than 1.0, the meteorological elements and precipitation （soil moisture） jointly affect actual evaporation; when R is in the range of 1.0 and 1.7, the actual evaporation is mainly controlled by wind speed and sunshine, as well as affected by precipitation; when R is greater than 1.7, the actual evaporation is mainly controlled by the relative humidity, wind speed and sunshine and the relationship is little with precipitation.