地下水位埋深对小麦产量及构成影响的试验研究

Experimental Study on Impact of Groundwater Depth on Wheat Yield and Components

为确定淮北平原小麦生长期的适宜地下水位控制埋深,以2011-2013年淮北平原五道沟试验站实测资料为例,选取控制埋深为0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0、1.5、2.0m的全部装有砂礓黑土的测筒21只,每个埋深处理重复三次,分两期进行不同地下水位控制埋深对小麦产量影响的试验,通过控制测筒内地下水位埋深,比较不同地下水位埋深对小麦产量和构成的影响。结果表明,2.0m埋深以内,地下水位埋深与小麦产量显著相关,且用二次曲线可很好地拟合,小麦产量最高处对应的地下水位埋深约为1.3m。从产量构成的角度来看,小麦的株高、穗长和亩穗数均随地下水位埋深变化而差异显著,且2.0m埋深以内地下水位埋深与小麦产量之间呈现先增大后减小的关系。

The test is conducted in the Center Steams Infiltration Meter at the test station of Wudaogou, Huaibei Plain during the year 2011-2013 to make comparison to the impact of different groundwater depths on winter wheat yield and components by the groundwater depths in the 21 selected test tubes. The research shows that the groundwater depth within 2.0 m has significant correlation with the yield of winter wheat. It can be well fitted through quadric curve. And the groundwater depth correspond to the highest point of winter wheat yield is around 1.3 m. Judging from the components of yield, the plant height, ear length, and number of ear per acre change significantly with the changing of ground- water depth. Within the depth of 2.0 m, the trend presents to be increasing at first and then decreasing.