大数据时代的城市规划响应

Urban Planning Response For Big Data Development

近年来,信息通信技术的快速发展加速了大数据时代的到来。但对于大数据到底对城市规划带来了哪些冲击、城市规划编制与实施应如何响应,仍需进一步探索。基于对大数据时代城市空间研究成果的简要述评,研究从城市规划的编制与实施评价两方面展开讨论。对于规划编制,大数据提供了从"小样本分析"到"海量呈现",从"滞后化"到"实时化",从"专家领衔"到"公众参与",从"人工化"到"智能化",从"分散化"到"协同化"等多维转变的可能;对于规划实施评价,大数据指明了从"以空间为本"到"以人为本",从"静态、蓝图式"到"动态、过程式",从"粗放化"到"精细化"的转变方向。研究对当前正处于探索阶段的城市规划的未来发展具有一定的参考。

Information technology development has brought us into big data era. The impact of big data on urban planning shall be further studied. Based on the review of big data urban spatial studies, the paper discusses urban planning compilation and implementation. In planning compilation, big data offers possible changes in urban planning from small sample analysis to big data presentation, from lagging behind to concurrency, from expert dominance to public participation, from labor work to intelligence, and from scatter to coordination. In planning implementation evaluation, big data may bring changes from space orientation to human consideration, from static blueprint to dynamic process, and from extensive to detailed development.