清代御苑胜境——圆明园西洋楼二十景图创作理路探赜

The Wonderful Imperial Garden of the Qing Dynasty: A Discussion on the Production Process of Yuanmingyuan European Palace Twenty Scenes Graph

从圆明园西洋楼二十景图入手,通过分析一系列文献史料证据,在逐一理清图版制作年代的同时,破解了绘图作者的迷案,也正式揭开了伊兰泰满族杰出宫廷画师的真实身份。同时,通过回顾这套铜版画的创作过程,循序渐进,从较为简单的《皇舆全图》到复杂的《得胜图》,由完全借力于欧洲画家(郎世宁、王致诚、艾启蒙和安德义等)和匠师逐步过渡到全部由中国人自主制作,不仅折射出清代乾隆皇帝26年的精心运作,也有力佐证了18世纪中西文化的广泛交流。

This paper begins with the Yuanmingyuan European Palace twenty scenes graph, solving the puzzle who was the drawer after a series of analysis on the historical documentation, formally revealing YilanTai’s identity as an outstanding Manchu imperial painter. In addition, the review of the design process of this etching reflects the elaborate operation of Emperor Qianlong who has spent twenty-six years on creating the twenty scenes graph, and the gradual transition from total dependence on European painters and craftsmen to fully making by Chinese people. And it will increase the evidence of exchanges of Chinese and Western cultures in the 18th century.