发酵糠醛渣中生化腐植酸的提取与表征

Extraction and Characterization of Biotechnology Humic Acid of Fermented Furfural Residue

[目的]为了解决腐植酸的水溶性问题以及钠离子连续、长期在土壤中的累积对土壤环境带来的不利影响。[方法]以发酵糠醛渣为原料,采用碱溶酸析法提取生化腐植酸(BHA),考察固液比(糠醛渣与水的质量比)、碱液浓度、提取温度、提取时间对生化腐植酸含量的影响,并且通过红外光谱对其结构进行了表征。[结果]最佳的提取工艺条件为:固液比1∶7、碱液浓度6%KOH、提取时间1 h、提取温度70℃,此时生化腐植酸含量为8.5%。红外光谱分析表明,提取得到的生化腐植酸和商品腐植酸结构相似,但BHA官能团种类较多,分子量较小。[结论]该工艺生产操作简单,稳定可行,可用于提取生化腐植酸。利用BHA开发制备腐植酸类新型肥料有很好的发展前景。

[Objective]The research aimed solve water solubility problem of humic acid and negative influence of continuous and long-term accumulation of sodion in the soil on the soil environment.[Method]Biotechnology humic acid was extracted from fermented furfural residue,which was treated by alkali solubilization and acid precipitation.The effects of solid-liquid ratio（mass ratio of fermented furfural residue to water）,alkali concentration,extracting temperature and extracting time on the biotechnology humic acid content was investigated.And its structure was characterized by FTIR.[Result]The optimal extracting conditions were as following：solid-liquid ratio of 1∶7,alkali concentration of 6％ KOH,with extracting temnperature of 70 ℃ and extracting time of 1 h,the biotechnology humic acid content was 8.5％.The infrared spectrum analysis indicated that the biotechnology humic acid had more types of functional groups,lower molecular weight than the commercial humic acid,although they had the similar structure.[Conclusion]The operation of the technology was easy,stable and feasible,which could be used to extract the biotechnology humic acid.And the development and preparation of humic acid fertilizer with BHA had the good development prospect.