京津地区月季白粉病的发病情况调查及防治研究

Infection Situation Investigation and Prevention Research on Chinese Rose Powder Mildew in Beijing and Tianjin

[目的]了解京津地区月季白粉病的发病规律,并筛选出防治效果好、低毒且用量少的杀菌剂。[方法]通过连续10个月的调查,研究了京津地区露地栽培月季白粉病的发病规律,并研究了7种花卉生产中常用的药剂对月季白粉病的防治效果。[结果]月季白粉病的发病规律:每年的6、11月为月季白粉病的发病高峰期,每年的5、10月为月季白粉病防治的最佳时期。所选用的7种药剂对月季白粉病均有一定的防治效果,其中10%世高水分散粒剂和30%特富灵可湿性粉剂防治效果最好,第1次喷药后7 d防治效果达80%以上,第2次喷药后7 d最高防治效果达90%以上。[结论]10%世高水分散粒剂和30%特富灵可湿性粉剂可作为京津地区防治月季白粉病的主要药剂,30%润泽SC、20%粉锈宁、40%福星乳油、45%晶体石硫合剂和12.5%腈菌唑水剂5种药剂可作为备选的辅助药剂,交叉轮换施用;在进行药剂防治时,可在第1次喷药后7 d进行第2次补喷,以提高药剂的防治效果。

[Objective]The aim was to understand infection situation of Chinese rose powder mildew in Beijing and Tianjin as well as screen out efficient and low toxicity fungicides.[Method]Through 10 months investigation,the infection situation of Chinese rose powder mildew in Beijing and Tianjin was investigated,and the control effects of seven kinds of commonly used fungicides in flower production against Chinese rose powder mildew were studied.[Result]June and November of each year were the infection peaks for Chinese rose powdery mildew; May and October each year were the best prevention periods for Chinese rose powdery mildew.The seven fungicides all had control effect potion for Chinese rose powdery mildew,among them 10％ Difenoconazole and 30％ Trifmine had the best control effect,and the control effects of them reached more than 80％ in seven days after the first drug treatment and reached above 90％ in seven days after the second drug treatment.[Conclusion]10％ Difenoconazole and 30％ Trifmine can be main fungicides for prevention and control of Chinese rose powdery mildew in Beijing and Tianjin,and 30％ Nicotinamide and kresoxim-methyl,20％ Triadimefon,40％ Flusilazole,45％ Lime sulphur and 12.5％ Myclobutanil can be used as alternative fungicides to alternatively apply.In order to ensure the good control effect,the second drug treatment can be carried out in seven days after the first drug treatment.