英语会话中的失败取效行为及其补救策略

Analysis of Failures and Remedial Strategies of Perlocutionary Act in Daily Conversations

言语行为理论是由英国哲学家奥斯汀首次提出并发展的，奥斯汀把一个完整的言语行为细分为三个子行为，即言内行为、言外行为和取效行为。作为言语行为当中不可分割的一部分，取效行为长期得不到重视。以言语行为理论为依据，结合会话分析和其他相关理论，选取关剧《绝望主妇》中的日常会话作为研究语料，分析取效行为失败的原因及其补救策略。

The speech act theory was firstly proposed and developed by the British philosopher Austin, who further divided the act into three sub-acts. They are locutionary act, illocutionary act and perlocutionary act. As an indispensable part of the speech act, perlocutionary act has long been neglected. Combined with conversational analysis and other related theories, this paper takes the speech act theory as the theoretical framework, and several utterances are selected from an American TV series Desperate Housewives as the data to analyze the reasons and the remedial strategies of failures of perlocutionary act.