镁碱沸石分子筛改性研究进展

Research advance in modified ferrierite molecular sieves

镁碱沸石分子筛独特的孔道结构使其在催化领域得到广泛应用,如作为吸附剂或用于合成气制二甲醚、正丁烯骨架异构、己烯骨架异构和丁烯聚合等反应。近年来,由于异丁烯供不应求,用于正丁烯骨架异构制异丁烯的镁碱沸石分子筛的研究受到关注。分子筛的孔道结构、酸性以及比表面积等物化性能是决定催化性能的重要因素,这些物化性质可通过改性方法调控,从而达到优化催化性能的目的。从离子交换改性、脱铝改性、碱处理改性以及表面修饰改性综述国内外镁碱沸石分子筛改性的研究进展,分别论述各种改性方法,总结改性后镁碱沸石分子筛在正丁烯骨架异构、N2O分解、二甲苯异构及二丁醇脱水等反应中的催化性能,并对改性机理进行综述,对镁碱沸石分子筛未来发展方向进行展望。

Ferrierite molecular sieves are widely used in catalytic field due to their unique pore structure,for instance,syngas to dimethyl ether,n-butene skeletal isomerization,hexene skeletal isomerization and butene polymerization. In recent years,the demand for i-butene exceeded the supply. As a result,the research on ferrierite molecular sieves for n-butene skeletal isomerization attracted more and more attention. The catalytic performance of ferrierite was determined by its physicochemical properties,such as pore structure,acid property and specific surface area,which could be adjusted by modification so as to promote the catalytic properties. The study progress in modification of ferrierite molecular sieves at home and abroad such as ion exchange,dealuminum,alkali solution treatment and surface modification was summarized in this paper. The various modification methods and the catalytic performance of modified ferrierite molecular sieves for n-butene skeletal isomerization,decomposition of N2 O,m-xylene isomerization and dehydrationof 2-butanol,and modification mechanisms were reviewed. The development direction of ferrierite molecular sieves in the future is prospected.