对历史涂抹的还原——以沈从文的演讲稿《短篇小说》为例

The Restoration of Historical Scribble——take Shen Congwen's Speech Short Story as an Example

在历史的某种机缘下诞生的文学作品,往往承载着作家在既定文化立场上的主体意识表达,也折射着时代的风风雨雨。然而历史总是出于某种需要,对具有影响力的优秀文学作品进行了这样或那样的涂抹,遮蔽了其本真的历史面貌。尤其在20世纪80年代后再版的一批作家全集中,有些收录的作品与原始版本相去甚远,为中国现代文学的研究工作带来了某些误导,并可能导致错误的一再复制与蔓延。基于这种考量,现以收录在《沈从文全集》中的演讲稿《短篇小说》为例,通过校勘,爬梳出其历史流变的内在规律和脉络,以期洞见时代风雨是怎样地侵蚀与雕琢作家作品。这对我们走进历史现场,还原历史本真,立体化解读作家作品都有着不可估量的价值和意义。

The literary works that come into being under some historical chances, sometimes loaded with certain culture positional subject consciousness, and it reflects the age amidst the winds of change. However, history always is in some need. It scribbles some influential literary works and hides its true outlook of history.Especially those that were republished in the 1980 s were far from their original editions. And this misleads the work of Chinese modern literature research. Besides it may also make the mistakes copied and spread again and again. According to this, I will give an example using The Complete Works of Shen Congwen and its Short Story to emend the idiographic rule and choroid. I expect to see how it is under the contamination of time and history. It has its unusual meaning to approach the history field, restore the historical truth, interpret the history of literature three-dimensionally and write the true literary history.