车身正向开发过程中的优化设计

Optimization design in developing a vehicle body in forward engineering

研究了如何在车身的各个开发阶段,合理地应用多种优化设计方法。以某款车的白车身正向开发为例,运用拓扑优化技术,找到白车身结构最有效的材料分布;建立全参数化的几何/有限元模型,研究载荷传递路径,确定车身结构,采用基于实验设计与近似模型的参数优化技术,平衡白车身的结构、安全、振动噪声等性能和车身质量,得到了最优设计方案;优化零件形貌,设计冲压筋。通过4个具体的案例(拓扑优化、路径研究、参数优化和形貌优化),合理的运用多种优化设计方法,优化车身正向开发流程,提高开发效率,提升车身的结构、安全和振动噪声等性能,并降低车身质量。

This paper studies how to apply the optimization design method in various stages of development of body in white （BIW） reasonably, with a new car BIW development in forward engineering as an example. Material distribution and load path of BIW were created through topology optimization technology. Parametric BIW geometric / finite element models were built for load path studying and BIW base model defining. BIW structure, passive safety, noise, vibration performance and mass were balanced through the parametric optimization technology based on design of an experiment and an approximation model. The detailed stamped rib design of the BIW parts was completed by topography optimization technology. Through 4 cases （topology optimization, load path studying, parametric optimization and topography optimization）, using a variety of optimization design method reasonably, the BIW development process is optimized, the BIW development efficiency is improved, the structure, passive safety, noise and vibration performance of BIW are enhanced, and the body mass is reduced.