沙颍河流域面源污染负荷空间分布特征研究

Research on spatial distribution of non-point source pollution load in Shaying River Basin

沙颍河是淮河流域污染较为严重的河流。为正确分析沙颍河流域的面源污染负荷空间分布情况,在已有研究的基础上,采用改进的输出系数模型中农村生活废水、农田化肥流失、畜禽养殖流失、水土流失污染负荷、城镇地表径流污染模型5个模块,对流域面源污染空间分布进行了模拟和负荷估算。研究结果表明,4类污染物(COD,TP,TN,NH3-N)负荷量最大的区域为上游,其次为中游;单位面积负荷量最大的区域为中游。根据分析结果,确定沙颍河中游为今后重点污染治理的对象。

The Shaying River is a heavily polluted river in the Huaihe River Basin. In order to correctly analyze the spatial dis-tribution of non-point source pollution load in the Shaying River Basin, according to the existing research results, by using the improved export coefficient model composed of five modules including rural life waste water, farmland fertilizer loss, loss of live-stock and poultry breeding, soil erosion and urban surface runoff pollution load, the spatial distribution of the non-point source pollution load in the basin was simulated and estimated. The results show that the load of four pollutants （ COD, TP, TN, ammo-nia nitrogen） in the upstream is the largest, followed by the midstream and the load per unit area in the midstream is the largest, which shows that the midstream of Shaying River will be the key for watershed pollution management.