三峡库区重庆段水质安全综合评价研究

Comprehensive water quality evaluation for Chongqing section in Three Gorges Reservoir area

在WQI模型、水体富营养化评价模型和水环境健康风险模型的基础上,利用层次分析法(AHP)构建了水质安全等级评价模型,并利用该模型对2011年三峡库区重庆段干流和4条主要支流水质安全状况进行了评价。结果表明,库区及主要支流水质安全状况总体处于中等水平,但通过饮水途径对人体健康造成危害的风险较高,且入库断面水质安全状况较差;影响水质安全指数的主要因素来自于总氮和总磷等营养化指标,六价铬含量则直接决定了对人体健康风险的大小。上述结论表明,在三峡库区水环境监测中除应关注总氮和总磷等营养物质含量外,还要注意部分重金属的危害。

Water quality security grade evaluation model is established using AHP method on the basis of WQI model, water eutrophication evaluation model and water environment health risk model and is applied in water quality security evaluation for four tributaries and main stream of Yangtze River in Chongqing section in Three Gorges Reservoir area. The results show that wa-ter quality security in tributaries and main stream is in a medium-upper state, however the drinking water risk to human health is relative higher and the water quality at reservoir entrance is poor;the main factors influencing water quality index are total ni-trogen and total phosphorus and the value of Cr（ VI） directly determines the risk level of human health. The conclusions demon-strate that environment monitoring attentions should be laid on heavy metals besides the common eutrophication matter concentra-tion.