不同种衣剂浓度对玉米萌发及生理的影响

Effects of different concentrations of maize seed coating on the germination and physiology of maize

采用盆栽试验、田间试验与室内分析相结合的方法,研究了大红袍、红衣服两种种衣剂药种比分别为1∶20、1∶30、1∶40时对玉米杂交品种科大16出苗、苗期性状及生理指标的影响。结果表明,不同种衣剂处理后均降低了种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数,且种衣剂浓度越大影响越显著;种衣剂对苗期玉米生长发育的影响较大,玉米苗期的株高、根长、鲜重、叶面积都有所增加,各处理干重较空白对照差异显著;不同浓度种衣剂对玉米生理指标的影响较大,各处理的叶绿素、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸含量均比对照下降,差异显著,降幅与药剂浓度呈正相关,而各处理可溶性糖含量比对照升高,差异显著。通过测定苗期植株体内SOD、POD、CAT活性及MDA含量,了解幼苗的逆境生理,结果表明,经不同种衣剂不同浓度处理苗期POD、SOD、CAT活性增强,增幅与药剂浓度正相关;各处理MDA含量比对照升高,差异显著,与种衣剂浓度显著相关。不同药剂不同浓度处理后对粗缩病防治效果显著,其中增产效果最大的是红衣服按药种比1∶30拌种处理,增产率为15.8%;增产效果最小的是大红袍按药种比1∶20拌种处理,增产率为2.46%。

Pot and field experiments combined with laboratory analysis were carried out to study the effect of different ratios of drug to seeds of CT and CIT such as 1：40, 1：20, 1：30 respectively on the emergence, seedling traits and physiological indicators of hybrids maize named Ke da 16. Results showed that all the different types of seed-coating decreased the seed germination potential, germination rate, germination index, and the decreasing effect was more significant with greater concentration. The seedling growth of maize was significantly influenced, and the height, root length, fresh weight and leaf area increased significantly, and significant change was observed on dry weight between treatments and CK. Moreover, significant effect was observed on physiological indicators of seeds, the amount of chlorophyll, soluble protein, proline decreased significantly compared with CK, which was positively correlated with the drug concentration, but the amount of soluble sugar of all treatments increased significantly compared with CK. SOD, POD, CAT activity and MDA content in seedling were determined to assess the stress physiology. Results showed that different seed-coating drugs with different concentrations made POD, SOD, CAT activity increased, which was positively correlated with the drug concentration. And the seedling MDA increased significantly compared with CK, which also was correlated with the drug concentration. The treatment of different drug concentrations significantly prevented the rough dwarf diseases, the highest percentage of yield increase was CIT2 treatment （15.8%）, while the lowest was CT1 stimulation （2.46%）.