14个糯高粱亲本主要农艺性状配合力及遗传力分析

Analysis of 14 Parents Glutinous Sorghum's Main Agronomic Characteristics Combining Ability and Heritability

为了筛选出表现优良的杂交糯高粱亲本,科学评价6个引育糯高粱不育系与8个自育糯高粱恢复系育种应用价值。本试验采用不完全双列杂交设计,以TX622、TX623、18A、3268A、45A、3307A等6个糯高粱不育系,R864、R865、R867、R870、R872、R874、R880、R882等8个恢复系为试验材料,对其48个F1杂交组合的穗期、株高、穗长、穗粒重、穗粒数、千粒重、育性和产量等8个主要农艺性状进行配合力及遗传力分析。结果表明:这14个糯高粱8个主要性状配合力方差均达到极显著水平,抽穗期、穗粒重、千粒重、育性的一般配合力方差最高,分别为50.25%、80.62%、58.87%和79.31%,这些性状多受加性基因效应控制;株高、穗长、穗粒数和产量的特殊配合力方差较高,受非加性基因的作用影响大。综合分析上述亲本主要农艺性状的配合力方差、一般配合力、特殊配合力和相关遗传参数,不育系3307A、18A和恢复系R882、R864综合性状表现突出,一般配合力较高,是理想的糯高粱亲本材料;3307A×R874、TX623×R870、TX622×R864、18A×R867、18A×R882、3268A×R882是产量、株高、育性等性状表现优良的杂交组合。因此,以上研究结果为重庆地区开展糯高粱杂交育种提供了较好参考价值。

In order to select the best hybrid waxy glutinous sorghum parents, scientific evaluation application value on 6 introduced male sterile lines and 8 self-cultivation fertile restorer lines were conducted. Through incomplete dialed cross by using 6 male sterile lines and 8 restor- er lines of glutinous sorghum as material, corabining ability and heritabiIity of 8 main characteristics were analyzed with 48 hybrids combina- tions of Fl groups. The results showed that the combining ability variance of waxy sorghum＇ s 8 main characteristics reached significance at O. 01 levels. The general combining ability （ C, CA） variance of heading date, grain weight per spike, 1000- kernel weight and fertility were highest, respectively, 50.25 %, 80.62 %, 58.87 % and 79.31%, and these characteristics were controlled by additive gene effects. The specific combining ability （SCA） variance of plant height, ear length, grains per spike and yield were affected by non-additive gene effects. The sterile lines 3307A, 18A and restorer lines R882, B864 were ideal glutinous sorghum parents with outstanding comprehensive character and high general combining ability, 3307A × R874, TX623× R870, TX622 × R864, 18A×R867 and 18A×R882 were hybrid combinations with advanced yield, plant height and other characteristics. Therdore, above results provide good reference value for developing waxy glutinous sorghum hybrid breeding in Chongqing.