我国大型石油炼化基地防渗工程研究

Study on Anti-seepage Projects in Large-scale Petrochemical Plant of China

以四川石化、庆阳石化和呼和浩特石化的防渗工程为例,从防渗材料、防渗结构、防渗区划与措施、防渗等级设计和防渗效果评价5个方面对我国炼化基地防渗工程工艺进行了评述.目前,我国炼化基地防渗工程设计是以"环境敏感程度为敏感"为原则,以土工膜、水泥基渗透结晶型防渗涂层和掺钢纤维抗渗水泥为主要防渗材料,在特殊污染防治区、重点污染防治区和一般污染防治区,采用柔性防渗结构、刚性防渗结构或刚性-柔性复合防渗结构的过度防渗工艺技术.我国炼化基地防渗工程设计未能合理地结合场地包气带防污性能、含水层易污染特征和地下水环境敏感程度等自然因素,而未采用包括天然防渗结构在内的多元防渗结构.讨论了炼化基地防渗层防渗效果的评价方法,为炼化基地的合理防渗提供参考.

Taking the anti-seepage projects of Sichuan,Qingyang and Hohhot petrochemical companies of CNPC as an example,the anti-seepage techniques in large-scale petrochemical plants of China are discussed from 5 aspects of anti-seepage technique,such as materials,structures,divisions and measures,the design of anti-seepage grade and the evaluation of seepage-control effectiveness. At present,the design principle of the anti-seepage projects is the sensitive degree of environment as its sensitivity,and its anti-seepage materials include the geotechnical membrane,the cementitious capillary crystalline waterproofing and steel fiber reinforced concrete.The anti-seepage structure is divided into the flexure anti-seepage structure,the rigid anti-seepage structure and flexure-rigid composite anti-seepage structure,which is used in the special pollution control district,the significant pollution control district and general pollution control district. But its design is also a kind of excessive anti-seepage technology because it fails to consider the vadose antifouling performance,characteristics of the aquifer easily polluted,the groundwater environmental sensitivity of project sites. Finally,then the evaluation method of the seepage-control effectiveness of the anti-seepage layer is discussed,this can provide references for the rational and economic anti-seepage design in petrochemical plants.